Introduction:
One thing that always kind of sucked with windows servers (and its even worse with Linux) is dealing with how to manage local administrator rights. Now I realize a lot of you just add yourself to the domain admins and use that account (not a security best practices) to administer your servers, but what about everyone and everything else that might need local admin access? What I have for you here is how I not only created a new naming conventions, but also how I tackled managing local administrator access in windows domain environment.
What you need:
- This is dependent on active directory. If you’re dealing with non-domain systems, this post isn’t really for you.
- You’re going to need a group policy object and your servers / desktops are going to need to support group policy preferences (2003/XP and above).
What you’ll want:
- More than likely a provisioning process that automates something which GPO/GPP can’t. For example, a simple PowerShell script that you run once the server is provisioned to finish the little things.
The naming convention:
I use a pretty simple naming convention for local administrators. There are three main conventions I used which are below.
- _asi_lad_%Server or Computer Name%
- _asi_lad_All Servers in AD
- _asi_lad_All Desktops in AD
Naming convention breakdown:
- The underscores are used as separators. At some point you may need to do queries with scripts, and knowing that an “_” represents a separator will make it easy to know where to start looking for variables. For example, if you just looked in AD for something like *ServerName* you might get back more than one AD object, but if you look for *_lad_Servername you’re only going to get back local administrator groups.
- “ASI” in my case stands for Advertising Specialty Institute, which is an acronym for my company name. I used to work at the Pew Charitable Trusts and used “PCT” for them. I use a company name to start out everything because down the road, you never know who you’re going to merge with. While there is always a chance that ASI could merge with a company named “Advanced Internetworked Servers” or something like that, its not likely. Plus, if you’re running a sort of multi-tenancy, this allows you to keep different companies separate. It doesn’t need to be an acronym, nor does it need to be three letters, but it should be specific to a company. Heck, if a small GUID makes sense go for it, just keep in mind that 64 character limit with AD (yes I’ve hit it with group names).
- “LAD” as you can guess stands for Local Ad Again, it doesn’t need to be three, but it should be consistent.
- The final part
- The server name is kind of obvious.
- All servers is kind of obvious
- All desktops is kind of obvious
You could of course take it much further than this if you want, it really depends on how granular you want to get. I try to keep things balanced. If your servers themselves have a good naming convention, you can likely already key off of that.
How it works:
- I created a GPO for my servers and a different one for my desktops. To be VERY clear, this GPO is not dedicated to this purpose. I try to use one GPO to rule them all as much as possible. So I add this to my GPO which applies to all servers and the one for all desktops for other things.
- Create a computer GPP setting which adds the respective “_company_lad_all server” and “_company_lad_all desktops”. This gives you an easy way to drop a service account into a group that will gives them local admin access to all servers WITHOUT giving them domain admin rights.
- As an aside, we also create a GPP that removes domain admins.
- Now, for the servers specifically (we don’t do this for desktops) I create a server specific group (via a script) and add it to that server (via script). You now have an ability to add a user to the local admins without ever needing to login to that local server anymore.
Powershell Snippet for creating a group and adding it to the local admins:
#Create and assign default local admin group
#Parameters
$ServerName = “cmp-servername-01”
$GroupName = “_lad_cmp_” + $ServerName
$OUPath = “OU=YourOUPath,DC=Domain,DC=Name”
$FQDN = “Domain.name”
#Creating group
New-ADGroup -DisplayName $GroupName -GroupCategory “1” -GroupScope “1” -Name $GroupName -SamAccountName $GroupName -Path $OUPath
Start-Sleep -Seconds 15
#Add Group to servers local administrators
$de = [ADSI]”WinNT://$ServerName/administrators,group”
$de.psbase.Invoke(“Add”,([ADSI]”WinNT://$FQDN/$GroupName”).path)
Closing:
That’s it really. You can of course take it further, but this is a simple way to get a handle on your local administrators, and centrally manage them all from AD going forward. You also now have a naming convention which makes it easy to track them down and automate various tasks.
Index:
To see other naming conventions or posts about naming conventions, head over here.
Comments